{"id":3492,"date":"2022-08-08T14:43:26","date_gmt":"2022-08-08T14:43:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/itegriti.com\/kw022024\/?p=3492"},"modified":"2022-09-12T09:31:13","modified_gmt":"2022-09-12T09:31:13","slug":"how-prepared-is-the-u-s-for-a-cyberattack-on-the-grid","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/itegriti.com\/kw022024\/2022\/cybersecurity\/how-prepared-is-the-u-s-for-a-cyberattack-on-the-grid\/","title":{"rendered":"How prepared is the U.S. for a cyberattack on the grid?"},"content":{"rendered":"

It isn\u2019t too far-fetched to say that the U.S. electrical grid underpins our modern life. Lights are on, cars are made, food is refrigerated and shipped, cell phone towers work, and a million other things run \u2013 like stoplights, banks, blenders and the internet. Yes, the grid going down would definitely knock out a few servers and render us connectionless for who knows how long. So, what\u2019s the contingency plan? How are we preparing for this eventuality, and more importantly, how is the U.S. electric sector?<\/p>\n

Cyberattacks targeting critical national infrastructure<\/strong><\/h2>\n

The risks to the grid are real, and attacks on electric grids worldwide have already occurred. A European transmission system spanning 35 countries was hacked in 2020<\/a>. Over 200,000 Ukrainians lost power in 2015<\/a> due to another hack and cybercriminals hacked Korea Nuclear Power in 2014<\/a>, resulting in leaked plans for two reactors. The energy sector is under siege, and bad actors are testing their strengths (and our weaknesses) in isolated incidents.<\/p>\n

\u201cOur national critical infrastructure is extremely hackable<\/a>,\u201d said Tortuga Logic CEO Andreas Kuehlmann. \u201cIf I find a vulnerability in a power meter, I can knock out your power. But I also can knock out everything connected to it.\u201d Attackers are targeting the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA)<\/a> systems that control many critical national industry (CNI) sectors, and it was reported that 84% of CNI sectors experienced a cyberattack<\/a> in 2020 alone. Stuxnet<\/a>, a worm that targeted programmable logic controllers (PLCs), was one of the first cyberthreats to impact the \u201creal world,\u201d destroying one-fifth of Iran\u2019s uranium enrichment centrifuges by recoding them to spin to the breaking point. Then there was Colonial Pipeline<\/a>, the ransomware attack on the oil industry, and of course, SolarWinds<\/a>, which was a suspected Nation State job. As incidents happen in more and more U.S. CNI sectors, it’s a tense game of Russian Roulette waiting to see which will get hit next.<\/p>\n

When asked if U.S. adversaries currently have the power to disrupt the grid, U.S. Energy Secretary Jennifer Granholm answered simply, \u201cYes they do\u201d. She added, \u201cI think there are very malign actors who are trying. Even as we speak, there are thousands of attacks on all aspects of the energy sector<\/a> and the private sector, generally\u201d. In a near echo of Secretary Ganholm\u2019s words, when reporter Ted Koppel asked then-White House advisor on cybersecurity Howard Schmidt, \u201cis there a way we can guarantee that a cyberattack won\u2019t knock out one of our power grids?\u201d – Schmidt answered plainly, \u201cAbsolutely not.<\/a>\u201d<\/p>\n

The tenuous safety of the grid<\/strong><\/h2>\n

Late last year, U.S. officials privately warned utilities that they could be in the line of fire<\/a> if conditions with Russia went south and that their security teams should not take the holidays off. Is it possible that the safety of the U.S. power grid, the domain of one of the nation\u2019s largest utilities, could hang on to warnings such as these?<\/p>\n

According to some, yes. In his New York Times bestseller Lights Out<\/em>,<\/a> journalist Ted Koppel uncovered some shocking worst-case scenarios in the event of a debilitating cyberattack on the grid \u2013 and, how underprepared we might be. In the event of a weeks-long lack of power, FEMA would step in, said then-FEMA administrator Craig Fugate as recorded in Lights Out<\/em>. \u201cThat means we need to have enough power to pump, treat, and distribute water through the system. You have to keep the water system up…We [would be] trying to hang on and keep as many people [as possible] from dying until the system comes back,\u201d he said. A pretty dire situation. So how would such an attack start? One likely guess is that cyberattackers would mess with the delicate balance required to keep the grid in play, disrupting the computers that keep the input and outflow of power even (considering usage by businesses, households and cities). Said Eric Hittinger, associate professor at Rochester Institute of Technology and expert in energy policy, \u201cIf that balance is disrupted badly enough, everything starts to fall apart<\/a>. Different parts of the system will start to turn off in unpredictable ways. You end up with cascading failures. You fall off the bike.\u201d<\/p>\n

To mitigate the eventuality of this future attack \u2013 most in the know say it\u2019s not if, but when – the Pentagon implemented drills on Plum Island, an isolated stretch of land on the northeastern tip of Long Island back in 2015. Carried out by the Defense Advanced Research Agency (Darpa), “the Pentagon\u2019s moonshot research arm,\u201d drills were designed to expose utilities<\/a> to the realities of getting the power back up in the event of a cyberattack that could shut it down. The results were interesting. \u201cWhen it comes to cyber, it\u2019s like you\u2019re repairing the damage from the hurricane while it\u2019s still on top of you,\u201d said Brian Lynn, lead trainer for PJM Interconnection LLC, the nation\u2019s largest grid operator. \u201cAnd I just can\u2019t fix it and know it\u2019s going to hold. I\u2019ve got to keep asking, \u2018Did I miss something? Is something still infected?\u2019\u201d This is no surprise given the rising sophistication of attack methods. \u201cWhat an attacker can do to these embedded devices today makes Stuxnet look like caveman technology,\u201d said Ang Cui, founder of Red Balloon Security and a participant of the exercises. The current skill level of nation-state attacks and APTs is worth noting, and the NSA, FBI, Department of Energy and CISA did just that<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Any summarizing conclusions from the Pentagon-led disaster-day training of U.S. power utilities? Says Cui, \u201cI think it\u2019s pretty clear that we haven\u2019t done nearly enough<\/a>.\u201d<\/p>\n

How the energy sector can prepare<\/strong><\/h2>\n

How can we do more? Let\u2019s look at what has already been done. Last year, President Biden signed an Executive Order to improve the nation\u2019s cybersecurity<\/a> in the aftermath of the Colonial Pipeline incident. What followed was a 100-day sprint<\/a> to shore up the cybersecurity defenses of the grid, which was a huge step in the right direction.<\/p>\n

On a ground level, the zero-day training on Plumb Island did mine some insights<\/a> we can learn from. Said one consultant on the project, \u201cYou have to get your systems operations guys, who don\u2019t speak cyber, to talk to your cyber guys, who don\u2019t speak systems operations.\u201d He admits, \u201cthat\u2019s just very challenging,\u201d but it can be overcome, as trainings saw. Noted Donnie Bielak, a colleague at PJM, \u201cEventually, the utility workers who initially brushed off the cybersecurity experts began to work closely with them. Defenders had to come up with procedures to clean each substation of malware, for instance, before connecting it to the larger grid.\u201d And that is where it starts.<\/p>\n

When it comes to battling vulnerable OT, the suggestion of a Smart Grid has been made (hey, there\u2019s a \u201csmart\u201d everything else) but it will take some time before it’s commercially viable or safe enough to use<\/a>. Besides, whatever new energy infrastructure is coming next, it needs to be able to handle the different cybersecurity requirements brought on by the growing market of renewables<\/a> as well as the current and expanding needs of the grid itself.<\/p>\n

Major grid overhauls aside, what\u2019s going to make a difference right now to electric utilities is the right technology to defend against cyberattacks in the first place. And for that, it\u2019s not one size fits all. You have to consider your current security maturity, establish realistic goals to prevent predefined risk, and work with a trusted advisor who knows the critical national infrastructure landscape<\/a> – and can build your cyber resilience against mandated national standards in your industry. ITEGRITI specializes in programs that help CNI sectors detect breaches, avoid hacks, reduce recovery time and minimize overall business impact in the event of a cyber emergency. Learn more about how ITEGRITI can help you<\/a> defend your critical infrastructure and improve your cybersecurity posture.<\/p>\n<\/div>

<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

It isn\u2019t too far-fetched to say that the U.S. electrical grid underpins our modern life. Lights are on, cars are made, food is refrigerated and shipped, cell phone towers work, and a million other things run \u2013 like stoplights, banks, blenders, and the internet. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":53,"featured_media":3494,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[2188,2193],"yoast_head":"\nHow prepared is the U.S. for a cyberattack on the grid?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"It isn\u2019t too far-fetched to say that the U.S. electrical grid underpins our modern life. Lights are on, cars are made, and so on. 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